The Ayodhya Ram Temple in India has been constructed using a combination of traditional Indian heritage architecture and modern scientific techniques to ensure its longevity for centuries to come. According to Shri Nripendra Misra, chairperson of the temple construction committee, top Indian scientists and even ISRO technologies have contributed to making it an iconic structure.
The architectural design of the temple follows the traditional northern Indian temple style, created by Chandrakant Sompura, a renowned architect from a family with a rich heritage in temple design. The temple covers an area of 2.7 acres and has a built-up area of approximately 57,000 square feet. It will be a three-floor structure, with a height of 161 feet, about 70% of the Qutab Minar’s height.
One unique aspect of the temple’s construction is the absence of iron and steel. According to Nripendra Misra, using iron and steel would have limited the temple’s lifespan to only 80-90 years. Instead, the construction materials include the highest quality granite, sandstone, and marble. The joints of the structure rely on a lock and key mechanism using grooves and ridges, rather than cement or lime mortar.
Dr. Pradeep Kumar Ramancharla, Director of the Central Building Research Institute, Roorkee, explains that the structural design of the temple has been specifically engineered to withstand an earthquake with a return period of 2,500 years. The foundation of the temple required special attention due to the sandy and unstable ground below. An engineered soil was laid to create a solid base, and a metal-free concrete raft was used for reinforcement. Additionally, a plinth made of solid granite stone from southern India was placed to further strengthen the foundation.
The visible part of the temple is made of pink sandstone called “Bansi Paharpur” stone from Rajasthan. The columns, carved on the outside, are made of sandstone as well. The sanctum sanctorum is lined with white Makrana marble, which is also the material used in the construction of the Taj Mahal.
The Central Building Research Institute has played a significant role in the construction project, providing structural design, design vetting, and structural health monitoring of the main temple. The institute highlights that the chosen architectural model preserves the Nagara style and ensures both performance and safety, without the use of steel reinforcement.
Dr. Sharda Srinivasan, an archaeologist specializing in heritage metals, explains that the temple’s construction follows the traditional dry masonry technique, where blocks are held together using interlocking grooves and pegs. This technique, along with the trabeate system of lintels and horizontal beams, helps support the structure.
Ramancharla emphasizes that while the temple’s base is rooted in heritage architecture, modern technologies and building codes have been employed to ensure its longevity. He expresses confidence that the Ram Mandir will stand for more than a thousand years, thanks to the combination of traditional craftsmanship and contemporary engineering.
The construction of the Ayodhya Ram Temple has been a remarkable feat, combining the rich heritage of Indian architecture with scientific advancements to create a structure that will stand the test of time.
The construction of Ayodhya Ram Temple, one of the most significant religious structures in India, is a remarkable feat as no iron and steel were used. This decision was made to honor the ancient Vedic traditions and architectural techniques. Instead, the temple was built using traditional methods, employing only stone, wood, and other natural materials. This approach not only preserves the authenticity of the temple’s design but also showcases the mastery of craftsmen who utilized ancient techniques to create an enduring masterpiece. By eschewing modern construction materials, the temple stands as a symbol of reverence, tradition, and cultural heritage for generations to come.
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